CentOS6.9部署Python3+Flask+uWSGI+Nginx
最近在业余时间去学习python web开发, 并用Flask做了一个BLOG小程序放到我的个人仓库和Github仓库, 这里把自己的文档分享给大家, 仅供参考
https://github.com/showerlee/Flaskdev
https://git.showerlee.com/showerlee/Flaskdev
安装环境
OS(virtualbox): CentOS 6.9 x64 (flask.example.com)
OS(localhost): Windows 7 x64
Python: Python3.4/Python2.6.6
nWSGI: uwsgi-2.0.15
Nginx: nginx- 1.10.2-1.el6
一. 系统环境配置
1.关闭iptables和selinux
# su - root
# service iptables stop
# setenforce 0
# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
修改
SELINUX=disabled
2.添加本地host DNS
# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 flask.example.com
二. Python配置
1.安装python3.4源及依赖包
# yum install epel-release -y
# yum groupinstall "Development tools" -y
# yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel zx-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel -y
2.编译安装python3.4以及pip package manager
# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.4.3/Python-3.4.3.tar.xz --no-check-certificate
# tar xf Python-3.4.3.tar.xz
# cd Python-3.4.3
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --with-ensurepip=install
# make && make install
3.安装virtualenv
# pip install --upgrade pip
# pip install virtualenv
三. Nginx配置
1. 安装nginx package
# yum install nginx -y
2.配置nginx with nWSGI
# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/flask.conf
server { listen 80; server_name flask.example.com; charset utf-8; access_log /var/log/nginx/flask_access.log main; error_log /var/log/nginx/flask_error.log; location / { try_files $uri @yourapplication; client_max_body_size 32M; } location @yourapplication { include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_pass unix:/tmp/uwsgi.sock; uwsgi_read_timeout 30s; uwsgi_send_timeout 30s; } }
四. Flask+uWSGI配置
1. uWSGI配置
# mkdir -p /etc/uwsgi
[uwsgi] base = /usr/share/nginx/html/flask python-path = %(base) app = hello module = %(app) callable = app pidfile = /tmp/uwsgi-master.pid touch-reload = /etc/uwsgi/bin/reload master = true processes = 5 enable-threads = true limit-as = 512 # use unix socket because it is more secure and faster than TCP socket socket = /tmp/uwsgi.sock chmod-socket = 660 uid = nginx gid = nginx vacuum = true die-on-term = true emperor = true logto = /var/log/nginx/uwsgi.log
2. 配置Flask base folder
# cd /usr/share/nginx/html
# mkdir flask
# cd flask
# virtualenv -p /usr/local/bin/python3 .py3env
3. 开启virtualenv python3环境
# source .py3env/bin/activate
4. 在此环境安装Flask相关模块
# pip install flask uwsgi PyMySQL flask-wtf passlib
5. 写入Flask测试文件
# vi hello.py
from flask import Flask app = Flask(__name__) @app.route("/") def hello(): return "Hello World!" if __name__ == "__main__": app.run()
6. 创建uWSGI启动脚本
# mkdir -p /etc/uwsgi/bin
# vi /etc/uwsgi/bin/uwsgi.sh
#!/bin/bash # Get function from functions library . /etc/init.d/functions BASE=/usr/share/nginx/html/flask UWSGI=$BASE/.py3env/bin INI=/etc/uwsgi start() { echo -n "Starting server ..." touch $INI/bin/reload $UWSGI/uwsgi --ini $INI/uwsgi.ini >/dev/null 2>&1 & success $"Started" echo } reload() { $UWSGI/uwsgi --reload /tmp/uwsgi-master.pid success $ "Reloaded" echo } stop() { echo -n "Stopping server ..." $UWSGI/uwsgi --stop /tmp/uwsgi-master.pid success $ "Stopped" echo } ### main logic ### case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; reload) reload ;; restart) stop start ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload}" exit 1 esac exit 0
7. 修改权限(可执行并保持与nginx启动user一致)
# chmod -R 755 /etc/uwsgi
# chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/uwsgi
# chmod -R 755 /usr/share/nginx/html/flask
# chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/share/nginx/html/flask
8.启动nginx+uwsgi
# service nginx start
# /etc/uwsgi/bin/uwsgi.sh start
展示效果(保证Windows本地host文件能够解析flask.example.com)
Finished...
Trouble shooting:
1.查看uwsgi log, 发现循环输出如下warning.
# tail -f /var/log/nginx/uwsgi.log
chdir(): Permission denied [core/emperor.c line 1499] chdir(): Permission denied [core/emperor.c line 1499] chdir(): Permission denied [core/emperor.c line 1499] chdir(): Permission denied [core/emperor.c line 1499] ...
Solution:
# cd /usr/share/nginx/html
# source .py3env/bin/activate
# python hellp.py
* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit) * Restarting with stat * Debugger is active! * Debugger PIN: 126-450-249
若无报错提示并显示如上输出, ctrl+C 强制退出. 并重启服务, 该warning即停止.
Tip: 该方法亦可测试你的主方法文件是否有语法格式错误.
# /etc/uwsgi/bin/uwsgi.sh start
该错误会偶尔在开发过程中添加新方法后出现, 暂不清楚原因, 有经验的朋友可以留言.
My Flask APP for the reference:
https://git.showerlee.com/showerlee/Flaskdev
本文链接:http://www.showerlee.com/archives/2024
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