最近在业余时间去学习python web开发, 并用Flask做了一个BLOG小程序放到我的个人仓库和Github仓库, 这里把自己的文档分享给大家, 仅供参考

https://github.com/showerlee/Flaskdev

https://git.showerlee.com/showerlee/Flaskdev

安装环境

OS(virtualbox): CentOS 6.9 x64 (flask.example.com)

OS(localhost):  Windows 7 x64   

Python: Python3.4/Python2.6.6

Flask: Flask 0.12.x

nWSGI:  uwsgi-2.0.15

Nginx:  nginx- 1.10.2-1.el6

一. 系统环境配置

1.关闭iptables和selinux

# su - root

# service iptables stop

# setenforce 0

# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux

修改

SELINUX=disabled

2.添加本地host DNS

# vi /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1    flask.example.com

二. Python配置

1.安装python3.4源及依赖包

# yum install epel-release -y

# yum groupinstall "Development tools" -y

# yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel zx-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel -y

2.编译安装python3.4以及pip package manager

# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.4.3/Python-3.4.3.tar.xz --no-check-certificate

# tar xf Python-3.4.3.tar.xz

# cd Python-3.4.3

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --with-ensurepip=install

# make && make install

3.安装virtualenv

# pip install --upgrade pip

# pip install virtualenv

三. Nginx配置

1. 安装nginx package

# yum install nginx -y

2.配置nginx with nWSGI

# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/flask.conf

server {
    listen	 80;
    server_name  flask.example.com;  

    charset utf-8;

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/flask_access.log  main;
    error_log   /var/log/nginx/flask_error.log;


    location / { 
        try_files $uri @yourapplication; 
        client_max_body_size 32M;
    }
    location @yourapplication {
        include uwsgi_params;
        uwsgi_pass unix:/tmp/uwsgi.sock;       
        uwsgi_read_timeout 30s;
        uwsgi_send_timeout 30s;
    }
}

四. Flask+uWSGI配置

1. uWSGI配置

# mkdir -p /etc/uwsgi

# vi /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini

[uwsgi]
base = /usr/share/nginx/html/flask
 
python-path = %(base)
app = hello
module = %(app)
callable = app
 
pidfile = /tmp/uwsgi-master.pid
touch-reload = /etc/uwsgi/bin/reload
 
master = true
processes = 5
enable-threads = true
 
limit-as = 512
 
# use unix socket because it is more secure and faster than TCP socket
socket = /tmp/uwsgi.sock
chmod-socket = 660
uid = nginx
gid = nginx
 
vacuum = true
die-on-term = true
emperor = true
 
logto = /var/log/nginx/uwsgi.log

2. 配置Flask base folder

# cd /usr/share/nginx/html

# mkdir flask

# cd flask

# virtualenv -p /usr/local/bin/python3 .py3env

3. 开启virtualenv python3环境

# source .py3env/bin/activate

4. 在此环境安装Flask相关模块

# pip install flask uwsgi PyMySQL flask-wtf passlib

5. 写入Flask测试文件

# vi hello.py

from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route("/")
def hello():
    return "Hello World!"

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run()

6. 创建uWSGI启动脚本

# mkdir -p /etc/uwsgi/bin

# vi /etc/uwsgi/bin/uwsgi.sh

#!/bin/bash
 
# Get function from functions library
. /etc/init.d/functions
 
BASE=/usr/share/nginx/html/flask
UWSGI=$BASE/.py3env/bin
INI=/etc/uwsgi
 
start() {
  echo -n "Starting server ..." 
  touch $INI/bin/reload
  $UWSGI/uwsgi --ini $INI/uwsgi.ini >/dev/null 2>&1 &
  success $"Started"
  echo
}
 
reload() {  
  $UWSGI/uwsgi --reload /tmp/uwsgi-master.pid
  success $ "Reloaded"
  echo
}
 
stop() {
  echo -n "Stopping server ..."
  $UWSGI/uwsgi --stop /tmp/uwsgi-master.pid
  success $ "Stopped"
  echo
}
 
### main logic ###
case "$1" in
  start) 
    start
    ;;
  stop)
    stop
    ;;
  reload)
    reload
    ;;
  restart)
    stop
    start
    ;;
  *)
    echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload}"
    exit 1
 
esac
exit 0

7. 修改权限(可执行并保持与nginx启动user一致)

# chmod -R 755 /etc/uwsgi

# chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/uwsgi

# chmod -R 755 /usr/share/nginx/html/flask

# chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/share/nginx/html/flask

8.启动nginx+uwsgi

# service nginx start

# /etc/uwsgi/bin/uwsgi.sh start

展示效果(保证Windows本地host文件能够解析flask.example.com)

Finished...

Trouble shooting:

1.查看uwsgi log, 发现循环输出如下warning.

# tail -f /var/log/nginx/uwsgi.log

chdir(): Permission denied [core/emperor.c line 1499]
chdir(): Permission denied [core/emperor.c line 1499]
chdir(): Permission denied [core/emperor.c line 1499]
chdir(): Permission denied [core/emperor.c line 1499]
...

Solution:

# cd /usr/share/nginx/html

# source .py3env/bin/activate

# python hellp.py

 * Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
 * Restarting with stat
 * Debugger is active!
 * Debugger PIN: 126-450-249

若无报错提示并显示如上输出, ctrl+C 强制退出. 并重启服务, 该warning即停止.

Tip:  该方法亦可测试你的主方法文件是否有语法格式错误.

# /etc/uwsgi/bin/uwsgi.sh start

该错误会偶尔在开发过程中添加新方法后出现, 暂不清楚原因, 有经验的朋友可以留言.

My Flask APP for the reference:

https://git.showerlee.com/showerlee/Flaskdev